Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a major cause of atypical community-acquired pneumonia, with pathogenicity driven by a specialized attachment organelle. The P1 adhesin, located at the organelle tip, is essential for bacterial adhesion, gliding motility, and colonization of respiratory epithelial cells through interactions with sialylated host receptors, in concert with accessory proteins P40 and P90. P1 is the primary immunodominant antigen of M. pneumoniae. Although subject to antigenic variation via RepMP recombination, conserved regions remain stable targets for immune recognition. Consequently, P1 remains a high-value antigen for antibody development, advancing infectious disease research, immunodiagnostics, and next-generation vaccine design. Catalina’s recombinant M. pneumoniae P1 antibodies deliver high specificity and sensitivity, providing reliable tools for studying bacterial pathogenesis and host–pathogen interactions.